Compression stockings: Compression stockings offer mid-level compression between elastic and inelastic bandage systems.These multilayer systems sometimes have visual indicators to assist in achieving optimal pressure. Multicomponent bandage systems: Multicomponent systems are ready-made bandage systems with multiple components for padding, compression, and fixation.These bandages are applied while wet and stiffen as they dry, developing a compression pressure. Non-elastic bandages: Zinc paste bandages and other non-elastic bandages can have limited efficacy in cases of early decongestion.In practice, many bandages are wrapped too loosely, thus impeding their ability to be effective. The application of compression bandages requires experience and training and should be done by a medical professional or a caregiver who has received proper training. Elastic bandages: Depending on the material used, compression bandages can have low to high elasticity.Common methods of applying compression include: 3 Compression Therapy MethodsĬompression therapy can be applied through a variety of garments or devices to provide patients with the optimal level of pressure. 1 Healing is promoted by the release of vasoactive anti-inflammatory mediators by endothelial cells. Properly-applied compression therapy can help with peripheral decongestion in the short term and aid healing in the long term. For many patients, this process results in pain relief and edema reduction. It also decreases fluid filtration into the tissue and increases lymphatic healing. 1Ĭompression therapy devices provide stable support for the leg muscles, and this support increases the effects of the muscle pump and improves venous return. When a patient is lying down, even a small pressure value as low as 15 mm Hg is sufficient to constrict both superficial and deep veins, although during standing, higher pressure values of between 60 and 90 mm Hg are required. 2 The consistent pressure results in a decrease in vessel diameter. When used to treat venous disorders, this pressure shifts fluid proximally, away from the lower leg. Compression Therapy PrinciplesĬompression therapy works by applying consistent, graduated levels of pressure to reduce the accumulation of interstitial fluid. 1 Based on patient diagnostic data, many patients with these conditions can benefit from targeted compression therapy. It is also very effective in treating various kinds of edema. The researchers noted, however, that success rates of these drugs are variable and the side effects can be intolerable.Compression therapy is a well-established treatment modality for a number of conditions, including venous disorders, thrombosis, lymphedema, and lipedema. It may also stimulate the release of endothelial mediators that decrease symptoms of RLS, which include difficulty sleeping, fatigue, mood changes, and social withdrawal.Įxisting pharmacologic treatments for RLS include dopamine agonists, benzodiazepines, opioids, and anti-epileptics. Vascular compression by pneumatic compression may improve local perfusion by enhancing venous and lymphatic drainage and relieving mild and otherwise subclinical ischemia, the researchers said. They said tissue hypoxia and ischemia may lead to peripheral neuronal dysfunction. However, the researchers said it may be a peripheral disorder, because chronic venous insufficiency has been shown to have a common association with RLS. The specific pathophysiology of RLS is unknown, but it is regarded to be a central nervous system disorder resulting from the dysfunction of dopaminergic and opioidergic neurotransmission mediated by the metabolism of iron. Inflation of the compression may be an effective adjunctive or alternative therapy, the researchers said.
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